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Today is the first day30 international disaster reduction days!

This year’s theme is

"Strengthening the building of resilience and improving the level of disaster prevention and control"

aboutInternational Day for Disaster Reduction

>>Establishment of the International Day for Disaster Reduction:

Can be traced back to1989Years. Earlier, in order to promote risk awareness and a global culture of disaster reduction, the United Nations General Assembly proposed the establishment of an international day. Now, every year,10moon13The commemoration of the International Day for Disaster Reduction (IDD) held on April 20 aims to appreciate the efforts made by people and communities all over the world to reduce the risk of disasters and raise their awareness of the importance of the risks they face.

>>Natural disasters refer to:

Natural phenomena that endanger human survival or damage human living environment include drought, high temperature, low temperature, cold wave, flood, flash flood, typhoon, tornado, fire tornado, hail, wind hail, frost, rainstorm, blizzard, freezing rain, fog, gale, ice, haze, smog, earthquake, tsunami, debris flow, floating dust, sand blowing, sandstorm and so on.

>>Main impacts of natural disasters:

oneDisasters can bring substantial trauma and mental disorders.

2Most of the pain disappears within a year or two after the disaster and people can adjust themselves.

threeChronic mental disorders caused by disasters are very rare.

fourThe overall impact of some disasters may be positive because it may increase social cohesion.

fiveDisasters disrupt the life of organizations, families and individuals.

>>Objectives of the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction:

Through concerted international action, especially in developing countries, we will reduce the loss of life and property and social and economic imbalance caused by earthquakes, windstorms, tsunamis, floods, landslides, volcanic eruptions, forest fires, grasshoppers and locusts, droughts and desertification, and other natural disasters.

>>Objectives of the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction:

oneEnhance the ability of each country to reduce the impact of natural disasters quickly and effectively, and pay special attention to helping developing countries in need to set up early warning systems and disaster-resistant structures.

2Considering the different cultural and economic conditions of different countries, formulate appropriate policies and strategies for using existing scientific and technological knowledge.

threeEncourage all kinds of science and technology to fill key gaps in knowledge.

fourDevelop measures to evaluate, predict and mitigate natural disasters through technical assistance and technology transfer, demonstration projects, education and training, and evaluate these programs and effectiveness.

China’s reform and opening up has brought many precious revelations to the world, one of which is that a country and a nation must advance in the logic of historical progress and develop in the trend of the times if they want to revitalize.

"Heaven has its regularity" and "it is good to treat it with governance". At the opening ceremony of the 2018 annual meeting of Boao Forum for Asia, the Chairman of the Supreme Leader explained that the success of China’s 40-year reform and opening up was due to the logic of historical progress.

[Interpretation]

"There is regularity in the sky" and "it is good to be governed by it", which comes from the opening sentence of Xunzi’s Theory of Heaven. "There is regularity in the sky, not for Yao’s survival or for Jie’s death. It should be good for governance, and it should be fierce for chaos. " The original meaning is: Nature has its own operating law, which will not exist because of Yao’s sagacity, nor will it die out because of Jie’s tyranny. Dealing with it in a reasonable way will bring auspicious results; Dealing with it in an unreasonable way will lead to disaster.

As an outstanding materialist thinker at the end of the Warring States period, Xunzi absorbed and borrowed the thought of "knowing the truth" from Taoism. Laozi’s Tao Te Ching said: "Knowing the truth is always clear. I don’t know often, I am arrogant and fierce. " Taoism advocates "heaven is natural" and believes that there are objective laws in nature that are not transferred by human will. Laozi called this law "Chang" and thought that people would be wise only if they "knew Chang" (that is, mastered the law). If "I don’t know how often" acts recklessly, it will inevitably lead to fierce disasters and be punished by nature. On this basis, Xunzi put forward the viewpoint of "heaven is always normal", which criticized and denied the Confucian thought of "divine right of destiny" to a certain extent, which was of great historical significance.　

[Interpretation]

Every great social change is based on ideological emancipation. At the end of 1970s, whether to carry out reform and opening up or stick to the rigid dogmatic system was a life-and-death multiple choice before the people of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and China.

At the critical moment, our party’s historic decision to implement reform and opening up is based on a profound grasp of the future and destiny of the party and the country, a profound summary of the socialist revolution and construction practice, a profound insight into the trend of the times, and a profound understanding of the expectations and needs of the people. It is precisely because we grasp the general trend of historical development and seize the opportunity of historical change that we have achieved a great leap and created many miracles in the history of human social development.

Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up, China has gone through hundreds of years of modernization in developed countries. Today, China has become the world’s second largest economy, the largest industrial country, the largest commodity trading country and the largest foreign exchange reserve country. Science, technology, education, culture and other undertakings are booming, and its international influence, appeal and shaping power are increasing day by day. The Chinese nation is closer to the goal of great rejuvenation than at any time in history.

China’s great achievements in reform and opening up over the past 40 years fully prove that the road of reform and opening up conforms to the historical requirements of the people of China for development, innovation and a better life, and conforms to the trend of the times of people all over the world for development, cooperation and peaceful life. It is a basic national policy that we must adhere to for a long time. As General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Reform and opening up is the only way for the development and progress of contemporary China and the only way to realize the Chinese dream."

An era has its own problems, and a generation has its own mission. In today’s world, there are still many unstable and uncertain factors, unprecedented challenges, and anti-globalization trends are constantly emerging. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out in a strategically advantageous position: "We should not be blinded by flowers or clouds when we look at the world, but should take a close look through the telescope of historical laws."

Standing in the new historical position, we must grasp the development course and logical evolution of reform and opening up from the "depth of history" and deeply understand that reform and opening up conforms to the great logic of historical progress, so as to better grasp the historical laws, recognize the general trend of the world, conform to the trend of the times, and constantly push forward the reform and opening up in the new era. (Author Yang Lixin)

(Central Radio and Television General Station CCTV Network)

The following article is from China press release, written by Cheng Manli.

China press release.

China Press Release, sponsored by Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China Wuzhou Communication and Publishing Media Co., Ltd. (Wuzhou Communication Center), is a national-level publicity publication for public distribution at home and abroad.

■ Cheng Manli

The word "Public Relations" is imported, which is called public relations in English, abbreviated as PR, and "public relations" in Chinese.

In the process of the development of public relations theory and practice, people explain its connotation from different angles and give many definitions. In these definitions, "public relations" has many meanings, which can be regarded as a state, an activity, a consciousness, an idea, a theory, or an art and method. For example, the Mexico Declaration issued at the World Public Relations Association Congress held in Mexico in August 1978 pointed out that public relations is an art and social science. The implementation of public relations is to analyze trends, predict consequences, give advice to institutional leaders, and perform a series of planned actions to serve the interests of the institution and the public. The Encyclopedia Britannica published in 1981 defined public relations as various policies or actions aimed at conveying information about individuals, companies, government agencies or other organizations and improving public attitudes towards them.

In China, researchers generally believe that public relations is an activity that enterprises or social organizations use various means of communication to communicate with the relevant public in order to achieve some organizational goals.

No matter what the angle or emphasis of the definition of public relations is, it contains three interrelated elements: organization, public and communication.

I. Organization

"Organization" is the subject of public relations and the initiator of public relations activities. As the main body of public relations, organizations can be all kinds of companies, enterprises, government departments at all levels, schools, associations, societies and other social groups. The reason why social organizations carry out public relations activities is because they have the goals they hope to achieve and the tasks they need to complete. Companies and enterprises carry out public relations activities in order to build brand image, improve product visibility and reputation, and gain wide recognition from consumers. The purpose of the government’s public relations activities is to establish a better information communication channel with the public, so that the major policies and important administrative measures of the country can be known to the public and translated into practical actions, thereby enhancing the credibility of the government and shaping a good image; Social organizations carry out public relations activities in order to achieve some organizational goals, such as expanding the scope of charitable donations and mobilizing more people to participate in social welfare activities; Wait a minute. It can be seen that public relations face the relationship between the organization and the public, not the personal relationship; Public relations is an organizational activity rather than a personal affair.

Second, the public

"The public" is the object of public relations and the object of public relations activities. The so-called public refers to a social group composed of individuals with common interests, and the common interests exist and change around a particular social organization. It is precisely because of the existence of common interests that people who were originally individuals have common interests, common attitudes and common cultural psychology, and they are facing common problems, hoping to achieve common goals through common actions; It is precisely because of the existence of common interests that these individuals surround specific social organizations and form relatively consistent social needs. Therefore, when making public relations plans and schemes, public relations subjects should first understand the public objects and constantly adjust their behaviors according to their characteristics and needs. Furthermore, "the public" is an individual, mass or organization directly or indirectly associated with a social organization, and they have actual or potential interests or influence on the organization’s goals and development; The development and change of the organization will have a greater or lesser effect and influence on their interests.

Third, communication

The word "communication" comes from Latin, which means "to establish a common consciousness with others". It can be seen that communication is the process of human information exchange, and it is the information transmission and sharing between people. From the perspective of public relations, communication refers to the process that social organizations use media and other means to interact with the public in order to achieve a certain goal. Communication can be carried out directly, such as face-to-face communication between people; It can also be done indirectly through various means of communication. Several main forms of human communication can be widely used in public relations activities. For example, interpersonal communication, group communication and organizational communication are generally adopted for a small specific public, for the public who need more information feedback, and for the public who expect to establish a long-term stable relationship; For a wide range of the public and those who need to get information quickly to meet the needs of knowing, mass communication can be adopted. The emergence of the Internet and the development of social platforms and intelligent media have provided a broader space and greater possibilities for the dissemination of public relations. Of course, in order to achieve the best effect, various modes of communication can be used alternately.

In a word, communication is the means of public relations activities, and it is the link and bridge between the subject and the object of public relations. Without communication, it is impossible to establish contact between social organizations and the public, let alone communicate effectively between them.

(Source: China Press Release, No.4, 2024 (Total No.028), Public Relations Field of Vision. The writer is the executive director of the Academic Committee of China Public Relations Association and honorary president of Peking University Institute of International Communication. ) Continue to slide to see the next touch to read the original text.

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Original title: The Meaning and Basic Elements of Public Relations

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