[XCAR original test]

　　　　It seems that the domestic market of seven SUVs in the past few years is really lacking, because Toyota Highlander seems to occupy a dominant position in this market segment for a long time. The reason for this is actually very simple. Except for Highlander, all seven SUVs in the domestic consumer market are imported by vehicle, which does not pose a direct threat to the domestic Highlander in terms of after-sales maintenance and price.

　　　　However, this year, international manufacturers such as Ford and Nissan have taken advantage of the opportunity of model change to introduce products with good reputation in the international market into localization, intending to break the monopoly of Highlander in the seven SUV markets.

　　　　A few months ago, our colleague Zhou Ao took the lead in experiencing the configuration and driving experience of the Ford Sharp 2.7T model, and the fuel economy that consumers are most concerned about in their daily vehicles naturally needs to pass the X Ring 24-hour fuel consumption test.

　　　　The model selected for this X Ring 24-hour fuel consumption test is the 2015 Ford Sharp 2.7T GTDI four-wheel drive Zunrui model with a guiding price of 429,800 yuan, with a curb weight of 2150kg and a fuel tank volume of 70L.

　　　　During the fuel consumption test, two adult men were in the car for most of the time, and the total weight was about 170kg. After counting the supplies (including water and food, photography, camera equipment, etc.) carried in the car, the mass of the whole car almost reached 2.4 tons.

　　　　Same as the previous X Ring fuel consumption test, our test route still chooses the main road of the fourth ring and inner ring, and the test time is from 8:00 am on the first day to 8:00 am on the next day. During the period, the driver is rotated to drive continuously. During the whole test, the vehicle speed was kept within 80km/h (including 80km/h) according to the traffic regulations. After the test, the average fuel consumption per 100 kilometers was calculated by the fuel consumption of the vehicle.

　　　　The test vehicle is equipped with a 2.7T V6 engine, which was first used on domestic models. The maximum power is 242kW/5500rpm and the maximum torque is 475Nm/2500-4500rpm. It is matched with the 6-speed SelectShift automatic manual transmission commonly used on Ford models. The vehicle adopts a load-bearing body structure, uses a combination of front McPherson independent suspension/rear multi-link independent suspension, and has an AWD intelligent four-wheel drive system. It aims to improve the handling of vehicles and the ability to get rid of difficulties on unpaved roads.

　　CCTV News:On the Syrian issue, Turkey has always cooperated closely with Russia and Iran. However, just after the United States, Britain and France launched military strikes against targets in Syria, Turkey issued a statement saying that it publicly supported the three countries’ actions against Syria. Turkey, together with Russia and Iran, participated in solving the Syrian issue, and at the same time publicly supported the military attack on Syria by the United States, Britain and France. What is Turkey’s position?

　　Shortly after the United States, Britain and France jointly attacked Syria, the Turkish Foreign Ministry issued a statement expressing its support for the military action of the United States, Britain and France, saying that the action was an appropriate response to the suspected chemical attack in Duma. However, on the 4th of this month, Turkey, together with Russia and Iran, held a tripartite summit in Ankara, Turkey, to discuss the Syrian process.

　　To Turkish political analysts, this seemingly inconsistent statement actually reflects Turkey’s search for a balance of interests between Russia and the United States.

　　On the Syrian issue, although Turkey participated in the settlement together with Russia and Iran, there are obvious differences between Turkey and Russia and Iran on the Syrian Kurdish issue and its support for the Bashar regime. On the other hand, in the relationship with the United States, Turkey and the United States also hold different positions on combating Kurdish armed forces.

　　However, as a member of NATO, Turkey will not completely give up its cooperation with the United States on the issue of combating Kurdish armed forces, which it is most concerned about.

　　Hassan Kony, a professor of international relations at Istanbul University of Culture, said that it must be realized that the Kurdish issue is the really important issue for Turkey. On the other hand, the United States opposes Bashar’s continued power, so Turkey and the United States also share some common interests.

　　However, experts also pointed out that although maintaining a balance between the United States and Russia is more in line with Turkey’s political interests at present, the geopolitical situation has become very complicated with the intervention of multinational forces in Syria. In this context, Turkey will also face greater political risks.

　　Hassan Kony, a professor of international relations at Istanbul University of Culture, said that it is a very unstable situation and an uncertain balance. One wrong step will lead to big trouble, so this is not a real balance.

CCTV News:These more than a dozen wild Asian elephants who walked out of the jungle and migrated northward not only aroused Chinese’s curiosity and concern, but also attracted many international media. Their stories, along with their footsteps, broke the restrictions of language and national boundaries and appeared in the pages of foreign mainstream media.

Associated Press: China elephants become international stars.

In the past few days, the international media have shown great enthusiasm for the journey of these elephants. Washington post said: Elephants walked 300 miles in China and headed for the city. The headline of National Public Radio (NPR) is: The elephant walked hundreds of miles and then arrived in a city in China. No one knows why. An Associated Press report even compared the elephants to "international stars".

Japanese media sent a team of journalists in China to track and report the elephants on the spot.

Among them, Japan’s TBS TV station also produced a 30-minute album for this elephant group in the large-scale live broadcast program "Interesting Talk at Noon". With the progress of elephants, Japanese media have also sent teams of journalists in China to track and report the rare wild elephants in Japan.

Japan Asahi TV reporter:It is said that elephants are now in the mountains, so we have come here, and there are villages nearby. The local government has taken various measures to prevent elephants from entering densely populated areas.

Asahi TV reporter:There is a checkpoint in front, because there are elephants in it, so we can’t go any further now.

Through these on-the-spot tracking interviews on elephant migration, the efforts made by the China government and local people to protect elephants and ensure that people and elephants live in peace have also been objectively reported by the international media.

Many mainstream media in the United States and Europe, including the British Guardian and CNN, have noticed that in order to cope with the migration of wild elephants that look cute but are actually dangerous, and ensure the safety of human elephants, the China government mobilized emergency teams, used drones and infrared cameras to track the movements of elephants and evacuated residents in time. In order to guide the elephants away from the city, the staff prepared enough food to attract elephants and blocked the road with vehicles in advance.

Foreign netizens have commented on China’s practices.

Under the video of the elephant group, foreign netizens also commented on China’s practice. Some netizens said: "The development of this matter for so long just proves people’s patience. Other countries may simply anesthetize them and move them back to the jungle. " Some netizens also said: "I am very happy to see that the way the government treats them is full of respect. I hope they can finally find a safe place with enough food and water to settle down. 70% of wild animals have become extinct in the past 50 years. We must do our best to save these animals. Every animal is precious. "

In addition, The New York Times, Reuters, The Guardian, Associated Press and other media all mentioned that the population of wild elephants in China has increased from 170 in the 1970s to more than 300 now. This is an effective proof of China’s protection of natural environment and wildlife.

Dear riders, today we will bring you a super-burning off-road "artifact"-Warrior 917! It is simply a bright star in the cross-country world, and it has its own aura as soon as it comes out.

Appearance: the lion awakens, domineering and unstoppable.

The appearance of Warrior 917 was carefully created by more than 50 design masters, and it has been carved by more than 500 days and nights. The front face is like "lion awakening in the east", and the trapezoidal grille exudes an ancient and majestic atmosphere. Headlights, like sharp swords, cut through the darkness ahead; The taillight is straight into the sky, as if to announce its domineering to the world. The body lines are extremely tough, and when it gallops, the strong wind seems to be telling the lofty aspirations of off-road. The design of combining rigidity and softness makes it unique in toughness and interpretation of off-road spirit to the extreme!

Interior: luxury feast, Chinese aesthetics

As soon as you get into the car, you will be shocked by its luxurious configuration. Wan Li Jiangshan as the theme of the interior, solid wood decoration is like a flowing picture of mountains and rivers. Beacon-style air conditioning outlet is simple and practical. The armrest is like a pistol ready to go, and the shift handle is like a future aircraft, which gives you a feeling of being in control in an instant. General’s seat is square and noble, made of Nappa leather perforated material, which is safe and comfortable. The layout of the central axis is majestic, inheriting the traditional symmetrical aesthetics and showing the Chinese style. Qualcomm 8155 platform realizes five-screen interaction with rich information and convenient operation. Far-infrared night vision and other systems, so that your vision has no boundaries. Intelligent fragrance and Dana audio will make you enjoy a good time during driving. There is also the cool Oriental Hawkeye UAV system, which can help you survey the road; 6kW reverse power supply allows you to use electricity outdoors without worry. This "black technology" is really awesome!

Motivation: the beast growls and has unlimited passion.

Start the extended range version of Warrior 917, the three motors +1.5T range extender roared instantly, and 816 horsepower seemed to awaken a sleeping beast. It takes only 6 seconds to accelerate, and the feeling of boiling blood can only be known by personal experience. On unpaved roads, its power is endless, and climbing over the ridge is as easy as walking on a flat road.

Chassis: solid and reliable, with first-class control.

Its chassis technology is even more awesome. The front and rear double wishbone independent suspension with the same military vehicle technology is as strong as a steel fortress with a non-load-bearing body. CDC damping control and "magic carpet" technology make you stable on bumpy roads. VMC chassis domain control can customize driving experience. There are also three electronically controlled differential locks, no matter how rugged the road is, it can’t stop its progress. The steering of AKC rear wheel is controlled by wire, realizing the "crab walking" mode, and the off-road "drift" is not to mention, which is smart and free. Five off-road modes+intelligent AUTO, plus infrared detection, can make intelligent decisions and adjust accurately. Driving in the mud is as steady as an old dog, and the wading depth can reach 900mm, which is safe and worry-free.

Warrior 917 is such a magic car that combines rigidity and flexibility, and it can be called the peak of cross-country in China. Riders, are you already excited? Come and conquer the unknown journey with Warrior 917 and feel the unprecedented new cross-country experience! See you next time, more exciting waiting for you!

　　On March 30th, the seven departments jointly held a video teleconference on the 2018 national agricultural anti-counterfeiting special action, summed up the work in 2017 and the past five years, and deployed the key work of agricultural anti-counterfeiting in 2018.

　　Among these seven departments, there is the State Administration of Market Supervision established in accordance with the Plan for Deepening the Reform of Party and State Institutions.

　　According to industry experts interviewed by the reporter of Legal Daily, the establishment of the State Administration of Market Supervision means that the supervision of the market has entered a new stage.

　　It is not a simple merger between institutions.

　　The Plan for Deepening the Reform of Party and State Institutions points out that reforming the market supervision system and implementing unified market supervision are the key links to establish a unified, open, competitive and orderly modern market system. In order to improve the market supervision system, promote the implementation of the strategy of strengthening the country by quality, create an honest and trustworthy market environment, further promote the comprehensive law enforcement of market supervision, strengthen the supervision of product quality and safety, and make the people feel at ease in buying, using and eating, the responsibilities of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, and china food and drug administration, The responsibilities of price supervision and inspection and anti-monopoly law enforcement of the National Development and Reform Commission, centralized anti-monopoly law enforcement of the operators of the Ministry of Commerce and the office of the the State Council Anti-monopoly Committee were integrated, and the State Administration of Market Supervision was established as a directly affiliated institution of the State Council.

　　"Before the reform of the party and state institutions, the functions of market supervision and management were scattered in different departments, resulting in a so-called ‘ Jiulong Water Control ’ Phenomenon. To use a common saying that people are familiar with, it is ‘ Seven or eight big caps can’t control a broken straw hat ’ . Although several departments perform their respective duties, they can’t hold a fist in market supervision, which wastes human and material resources to a certain extent and can’t supervise the market effectively and efficiently. At the same time, this has also led to food and drug fraud, illegal business operations of small business hawkers and other violations of the rights and interests of the people. " Wang Yukai, a professor at the National School of Administration, said.

　　The establishment of the State Administration of Market Supervision is considered to be an effective solution to the problem of "water control in Kowloon".

　　"However, it needs to be clear that the establishment of the State Administration of Market Supervision is not a simple combination between departments, but on the basis of following market rules, it breaks down the barriers between departments in the past and regroups the functions and businesses of various departments." Wang Yukai said.

　　Wang Jingbo, dean of the Institute of Government under the Rule of Law of China University of Political Science and Law, also believes that the establishment of the State Administration of Market Supervision is to realize the reconstruction, integration and convergence of "you have me and I have you" among different departments.

　　Form a comprehensive law enforcement team

　　With regard to the responsibilities of the State Administration of Market Supervision, the Plan for Deepening the Reform of the Party and State Institutions stipulates that it is responsible for comprehensive market supervision and management, uniformly registering market entities and establishing information publicity and sharing mechanisms, organizing comprehensive law enforcement of market supervision, undertaking unified anti-monopoly law enforcement, standardizing and maintaining market order, organizing the implementation of the strategy of strengthening the country by quality, supervising the quality and safety of industrial products, food safety and special equipment safety, and uniformly managing measurement standards, inspection and testing, certification and accreditation, etc.

　　Among these responsibilities, "organizing comprehensive law enforcement of market supervision" has attracted people’s attention.

　　"Comprehensive law enforcement has many meanings, both centralized and multi-departmental. The integration of departmental law enforcement teams is mainly reflected in the integration and change of administrative management. This kind of reform and adjustment has many positive meanings and highlights different from the past. For example, improve the supervision efficiency in various fields, bridge the original separation between departments, adapt to the staged expectations of economic development, and adapt to the development needs of the new economy. It can be said that this reform is based on the principle of simplification, unification and efficiency, and it is a whole-process, full-chain supervision mechanism and system that has been redefined and constructed. This reform direction is in line with the people’s hearts and is completely correct. " Wang Jingbo said.

　　"In the past, as long as each department had functions related to market supervision, it would set up its own law enforcement team. For example, the quality supervision department has the law enforcement team of the quality supervision department, the industrial and commercial department has the law enforcement team of the industrial and commercial department, and the food and drug supervision department also has the law enforcement team of the food and drug supervision department. Now it is different. A large overall market supervision pattern is taking shape, and the law enforcement team will be reorganized and integrated to adapt to the overall market supervision pattern. It is foreseeable that in the future, several new and comprehensive law enforcement teams will be re-planned, which can avoid the confusion of law enforcement and the lack of purpose caused by each management. " Wang Yukai said.

　　Wang Yukai told the "Legal Daily" reporter that after the establishment of the State Administration of Market Supervision, the construction and optimization of the law enforcement team will be greatly strengthened, which is of great benefit to realizing the market supervision function, maintaining the socialist market economic order, protecting the rights and interests of ordinary people from infringement, and cracking down on fraud and counterfeiting.

　　The regulatory capacity has been greatly improved.

　　The establishment of the State Administration of Market Supervision is undoubtedly a great change in market supervision, and a brand-new market supervision system is ready to emerge.

　　"In the past, decentralized supervision of various departments has now become unified centralized supervision. Under the new supervision pattern, we can form a very good institutional model in organizing market supervision and promoting comprehensive law enforcement, and truly avoid problems such as decentralized governance and overlapping functions, so that market supervision departments can better serve the people. This is also the purpose and significance of the reform of the party and state institutions. " Wang Yukai said.

　　"The previous supervision method was fragmented. After the establishment of the State Administration of Market Supervision, the supervision has the ability to integrate. Especially with the development of science and technology, technologies such as big data have been fully applied, and many information barriers have naturally been opened. Under this new regulatory pattern, the regulatory capacity will definitely be greatly improved. " Wang Jingbo said.

　　Wang Yukai told reporters: "Previously, many places have integrated the departments related to market supervision. It can be said that the establishment of the State Administration of Market Supervision is natural and natural, which is of great significance to the long-term healthy development of China’s future market supervision pattern and market economic order. "

　　"After the establishment of the State Administration of Market Supervision, the supervision of the market will be strengthened. With the strengthening of this supervision, the guarantee and expectation of product quality will be higher. The higher the quality of products, the people can buy and use with confidence. In this way, we can enter a virtuous circle process, and also promote market competition more effectively, thus bringing more vitality and benefits to the long-term, sustained and healthy development of the economy and society. In addition, higher efficiency and lower administrative costs have always been the goal of government reform. Therefore, the establishment of the State Administration of Market Supervision is of great benefit to improving market order and improving people’s lives. " Wang Jingbo said.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 9-Zhou Qiang, President of the Supreme People’s Court delivered a report on the work of the Supreme People’s Court to the first session of the 13th National People’s Congress on the afternoon of the 9th. The summary is as follows:

　　In the five years since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, the Supreme People’s Court adhered to the guidance of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, fully implemented the spirit of the 18th and 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, faithfully performed the duties entrusted by the Constitution and laws, closely focused on the working goal of "making people feel fair and just in every judicial case", adhered to the principle of justice for the people and justice, and constantly improved the quality and efficiency of trials, the quality and ability of the team and the judicial credibility. From 2013 to 2017, the Supreme People’s Court accepted 82,383 cases, and concluded 79,692 cases, up by 60.6% and 58.8% respectively over the previous five years, formulated 119 judicial interpretations, issued 80 guiding cases, and strengthened supervision and guidance on the trial work of courts across the country. Local people’s courts at all levels accepted 88.967 million cases, concluded and executed 85.984 million cases, and the amount of closed cases was 20.

　　一、认真贯彻总体国家安全观，深入推进平安中国建设

　　各级法院依法惩治刑事犯罪，审结一审刑事案件548.9万件，判处罪犯607万人。

　　严惩危害国家安全、暴力恐怖等犯罪。加大反恐怖反分裂反邪教斗争力度，依法严惩煽动分裂国家、颠覆国家政权等犯罪。会同有关部门出台办理暴力恐怖和宗教极端刑事案件意见，依法严惩天安门“10·28”、昆明“3·01”等暴恐犯罪。

　　严惩贪污贿赂犯罪。对腐败犯罪始终保持高压态势，健全职务犯罪案件审判机制。会同最高人民检察院制定办理贪污贿赂案件司法解释，审结贪污贿赂等案件19.5万件26.3万人，其中，被告人原为省部级以上干部101人，厅局级干部810人。依法审理周永康、薄熙来、郭伯雄、令计划、苏荣等重大职务犯罪案件，在白恩培案中首次依法适用终身监禁。依法惩治行贿犯罪，判处罪犯1.3万人。依法审理贪污扶贫款、农资补贴等犯罪案件。完善犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃匿、死亡案件违法所得没收程序，依法审理任润厚等案件。依法审理“红通1号”杨秀珠等案件。

　　Severely punish crimes that seriously endanger people’s lives and property. We formulated judicial interpretations for handling criminal cases such as theft, extortion, looting and robbery, concluded 1.315 million related cases and sentenced 1.538 million criminals. Severely crack down on crimes committed by evil forces, and conclude cases in which 36 people, including Liu Han and Liu Wei, organized, led and participated in underworld organizations according to law. Severely punish major accidents, dangerous driving and other crimes that endanger public safety, and conclude 1.271 million related cases. Actively participated in the anti-drug struggle and concluded 571,000 drug-related criminal cases. In conjunction with relevant departments, we will issue opinions on maintaining normal medical order and punish crimes of violent medical injuries according to law. In conjunction with relevant departments, they issued opinions on handling pyramid schemes and concluded 282,000 cases of economic crimes such as pyramid schemes and illegal business operations.

　　Severely punish crimes against the rights and interests of women and children. In conjunction with relevant departments, we issued guidance, resolutely punished violence, abuse and sexual assault against women and children, and concluded 131,000 related cases. We formulated judicial interpretations for the trial of cases of trafficking in women and children, and concluded 4,685 cases of trafficking in women and children. In conjunction with the Ministry of Education, opinions on prevention and control of school bullying were issued.

　　Severely punish crimes that endanger food and drug safety and pollute the environment. We intensified punishment for crimes endangering food and drug safety, and courts at all levels concluded 42,000 related cases. We formulated judicial interpretations for handling criminal cases of environmental pollution, severely punished environmental pollution crimes according to law, and concluded 88,000 related cases.

　　Severely punish telecommunication network crimes. In conjunction with relevant departments, we will issue opinions on handling cybercrime cases, punish online rumors, disseminate obscene articles and other crimes according to law, and try cases such as "fast broadcast" companies spreading obscene articles for profit according to law. Resolutely crack down on telecommunication network fraud, issue applicable legal opinions together with the Ministry of Public Security and other departments, and conclude 11,000 cases of Xu Yuyu being defrauded. Judicial interpretations on cases of infringing citizens’ personal information were issued, and criminal acts such as revealing personal information and illegally buying and selling information were severely punished.

　　Actively participate in the comprehensive management of social security. Timely put forward judicial suggestions to promote the prevention and control of social risks. Conscientiously implement the responsibility system for popularizing the law and strengthen the interpretation of the law by case.

　　Second, adhere to strict and fair justice and strengthen judicial protection of human rights.

　　Resolutely correct and prevent unjust, false and misjudged cases. We strengthened trial supervision, retried 6,747 criminal cases, among which 39 cases with 78 people were corrected according to law, such as Hugjiler pattern and Nie Shubin case, and the state compensated them according to law. We issued guidance on preventing criminal wrongs and wrongs, implemented the principles of legally prescribed punishment for a crime, judging by evidence and never suspecting a crime, and acquitted 2,943 defendants in public prosecution cases and 1,931 defendants in private prosecution cases according to law.

　　Improve judicial safeguards for human rights. According to the law, 31,527 criminals were pardoned. We will implement litigation systems such as public trials and court debates, and effectively protect the litigation rights of the parties. Carry out the criminal policy of combining leniency with severity. Strictly control the quality of death penalty cases and ensure that the death penalty is only applicable to a very small number of criminals with extremely serious crimes. Jointly with the Ministry of Justice, we launched a pilot project of full coverage of lawyers’ defense in criminal cases and carried out the work of lawyers on duty in legal aid. We strengthened the trial of cases involving minors, and the number of juvenile criminal cases decreased for five consecutive years. Opinions on strengthening judicial assistance were issued, and 2.67 billion yuan of judicial assistance was issued.

　　Standardize commutation, parole and temporary execution outside prison. Formulate judicial interpretations for the trial of commutation and parole cases, build a unified information-based handling platform for commutation and parole with relevant departments, and try related cases openly and fairly according to law. A comprehensive inspection of criminals temporarily executed outside prison was carried out, and it was decided to put 6,470 people in prison for execution.

　　Third, thoroughly implement the new development concept and serve to ensure sustained and healthy economic and social development.

　　Structural reform of service supply side. Courts at all levels concluded 16.438 million commercial cases of first instance, up 53.9% year-on-year. Actively carry out bankruptcy trials, properly dispose of "zombie enterprises" according to law, and conclude 12,000 bankruptcy cases. Formulate judicial interpretation of company law. 4.106 million cases of sales contracts were concluded. 1.321 million cases of real estate disputes were concluded.

　　Major strategy of serving economic development. Sixteen measures were introduced to provide judicial protection for Chinese enterprises to participate in overseas trade and investment, and to serve the construction of the "Belt and Road".

　　Prevent and resolve financial risks according to law. Opinions on strengthening financial trials were issued, and 5.03 million cases of loans, insurance and securities were concluded. 7.059 million cases of private lending were concluded. 152,000 Internet finance cases were concluded. Severely punish financial crimes such as illegal fund-raising and insider trading.

　　Strengthen the judicial protection of property rights. We issued 17 opinions on strengthening judicial protection of property rights, tried all kinds of cases involving property rights according to law, resolutely corrected cases involving property rights wrongs, and equally protected the legitimate rights and interests of all kinds of market entities. Properly handle historical property rights cases, the Supreme People’s Court decided to retry three major property rights cases. Opinions on improving the business environment and protecting the non-public economy equally were issued, and 10 specific measures were formulated to ensure entrepreneurs’ innovation and entrepreneurship.

　　Service innovation drives development. The Outline of Judicial Protection of Intellectual Property Rights in China was issued, and courts at all levels concluded 683,000 cases of intellectual property rights in the first instance.

　　Serve the construction of beautiful China. We issued opinions on providing judicial protection for the construction of ecological civilization and green development in the Yangtze River basin, formulated judicial interpretations such as environmental public interest litigation, and concluded 487,000 environmental civil cases. In accordance with the law, 11,000 cases of compensation for ecological environmental damage, 1,383 cases of environmental public interest litigation initiated by procuratorial organs and 252 cases of environmental public interest litigation initiated by social organizations were tried.

　　A new pattern of comprehensive opening of services. 75,000 foreign-related civil and commercial cases were concluded, and the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese and foreign parties were equally protected. Improve the judicial review procedure of arbitration. 72,000 maritime cases of first instance were concluded. Handled 15,000 cases of international judicial assistance.

　　Four, adhere to the people-centered development thought, and strive to meet the people’s growing demand for pluralistic justice.

　　Properly handle cases involving people’s livelihood. Courts at all levels concluded 31.397 million civil cases of first instance, up 54.1% year-on-year. Formulated judicial interpretations on labor disputes, food and drug disputes, and protection of consumers’ rights and interests, and concluded 2.325 million related cases. Clarify the standards for determining work-related injuries and protect the legitimate rights and interests of workers. Punish malicious wage arrears according to law and recover "hard-earned money" of 29.44 billion yuan for migrant workers. Properly handle 1.261 million cases involving "separation of powers" and land acquisition compensation in contracted land.

　　Maintain the harmony and stability of marriage and family. The Supreme People’s Court, together with the All-China Women’s Federation and other 14 units, established a joint conference system for family trial reform, and carried out pilot reforms of family trial methods in 118 courts in Shanxi, Jiangsu, Guizhou and Xinjiang. Recover alimony for the elderly according to law, and conclude 126,000 related cases. Formulate a judicial interpretation of the trial of husband and wife debt disputes, and clarify the criteria for determining the joint debt of husband and wife. The anti-domestic violence law was fully implemented and 2,154 personal safety protection orders were issued. 8.546 million marriage and family cases were concluded.

　　Properly resolve administrative disputes. Courts at all levels concluded 913,000 administrative cases of first instance, up 46.2% year-on-year. Support the reform of "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" through judicial review. Properly handle cases such as land acquisition and demolition. Cooperate with the promotion of the person in charge of the administrative organ to appear in court and respond to the lawsuit, and promote the substantive settlement of administrative disputes.

　　Strive to facilitate mass litigation. 86% of the courts in China have set up information litigation service halls. The majority of judges went deep into the fields and grassland forests to resolve disputes on the spot. Formulate regulations to protect lawyers’ practice rights, and establish a lawyer service platform to facilitate lawyers to participate in litigation. Make full use of the national court remote video interview system and the online complaint and petition platform to facilitate the masses to express their demands according to law. 1.99 billion yuan in legal fees for the parties.

　　Protect the legitimate rights and interests of compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and returned overseas Chinese. 81,000 cases involving Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and overseas Chinese were concluded, and 58,000 cases involving Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan were handled. Sign two arrangements, namely, mutual recognition between the Mainland and Hong Kong and execution of civil judgments on marriage and family. Four judicial interpretations and documents were issued, including the provision for mainland residents serving sentences in Taiwan Province to return to the mainland to serve their sentences.

　　Strengthen the work of safeguarding rights related to the military. Opinions on safeguarding national defense interests and the legitimate rights and interests of military families were issued. Military courts and local courts tried 6,491 cases of destroying military facilities and military marriages, and properly tried cases of the PLA and the Armed Police Force completely stopping paid services.

　　Vigorously carry forward the socialist core values. The judicial interpretation of medical damage liability disputes was introduced. Trial of a series of cases of infringement of the reputation right of "Five Strong Men of Langyashan" according to law. According to the law, "the case of discouraging smoking in the doctor’s elevator" and "the case of Zhu Zhenbiao chasing the traffic accident escaper" will be tried, and the rules of conduct will be established by fair judgment to lead the social fashion.

　　V. Overcoming difficulties and making significant progress in "basically solving implementation difficulties"

　　Courts at all levels accepted 22.246 million enforcement cases, and executed 21 million cases, with an amount of 7 trillion yuan, up 82.4%, 74.4% and 164.1% respectively.

　　Promote the formation of a difficult work pattern for comprehensive management implementation. In March 2016, "it will take two to three years to basically solve the implementation difficulties" in the national courts. Local party and government organs at all levels generally incorporate solving implementation difficulties into the key work of rule of law construction, effectively forming a joint effort to solve implementation difficulties.

　　Effectively solve the problem of finding people, finding things and realizing property. Established a network execution inspection and control system with more than 10 units including the Ministry of Public Security and the China Banking Regulatory Commission, with a total of 39.1 million cases inquired and 202.07 billion yuan frozen. A national unified online judicial auction platform was established. Since it was launched in March 2017, a total of 369,000 online auctions have been conducted, with a turnover of 254.53 billion yuan and a premium rate of 52%, saving the parties 7.8 billion yuan in commission.

　　Continuously improve the implementation management system and mechanism. In Zhejiang, Guangdong, Guangxi and other places, pilot reforms were carried out to separate judicial power from executive power. The execution command center was established, and the information management of the whole execution case was carried out. The execution command system of the four-level court was basically completed. Formulate 15 judicial interpretations such as property preservation and 33 guiding documents such as "Ten Prohibitions" to standardize execution behavior.

　　Strongly implement joint credit punishment. Establish a list system of people who have lost their trust, and build a credit punishment network in conjunction with more than 60 units including the National Development and Reform Commission. Courts across the country have publicized 9.961 million people’s information about people who have lost their trust, restricted 10.148 million people to buy air tickets, restricted 3.912 million people to take motor trains and high-speed trains, and 2.215 million people took the initiative to fulfill their obligations because of credit punishment; The punishment for resisting execution was intensified, and 9,824 criminals were sentenced for refusing to execute judgments and rulings.

　　Six, deepen the reform of the judicial system, and promote the modernization of the trial system and trial capacity.

　　The 18 reform tasks led by the Supreme People’s Court have been completed, and 65 reform measures put forward by the people’s court reform opinions have been comprehensively pushed forward.

　　Deepen the reform of the court organization system. The Supreme People’s Court has established six circuit courts. In 2017, the circuit court concluded 12,000 cases, accounting for 47% of the total number of cases handled in the Supreme People’s Court. The circuit court received 46,000 people’s visits, and the total number of visits received by the headquarters in the Supreme People’s Court decreased by 33.2%. Promote the construction of courts across administrative divisions. Set up intellectual property courts in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou and 15 intellectual property courts in Tianjin, Nanjing and Wuhan.

　　We will fully implement the reform of the registration system. From May 1, 2015, the registration system was fully implemented, and the registration rate on the spot exceeded 95%. Strengthen supervision. Punish false litigation according to law. Piloting cross-domain filing in courts such as Fujian and Ningxia.

　　Comprehensively promote basic reforms such as the judicial responsibility system. The national courts selected 120,138 post judges from 211,990 judges, among which the Supreme People’s Court selected 367 post judges. Actively carry out the reform of the job sequence of judge assistants and clerks, and realize that more than 85% of the personnel are concentrated in the front line of handling cases. We will improve the responsibility system for handling cases by judges and collegiate panels, and reform the operational mechanism of trial power, so that judges will be responsible for the quality of handling cases for life. Improve the guarantee mechanism for judicial personnel to perform their duties according to law. Promote the reform of provincial-level unified management of people and property.

　　Actively promote the reform of the criminal procedure system centered on trial. In conjunction with relevant departments, reform opinions were issued, and three rules, namely, pre-trial meeting, exclusion of illegal evidence and court investigation, were tried out in national courts to promote the substantive trial.

　　Promote diversified solutions to contradictions and disputes and the diversion of complicated cases. Strengthen the docking of litigation and mediation and give full play to the role of people’s mediation. Jointly with the Ministry of Justice, we will carry out pilot projects of lawyer mediation and improve the lawyer mediation system. Courts at all levels handled 13.961 million cases through mediation. Establish a national court online mediation platform to resolve disputes in a timely and convenient manner. Guiding opinions on the diversion of complexity and simplification were issued, and 32.416 million cases were concluded by grass-roots courts across the country by applying summary procedures and small claims procedures. Under the authorization of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), the pilot reform of the system of quick criminal adjudication and leniency in confession and punishment was carried out in 18 areas, including Shenyang, Changsha and Xi ‘an.

　　Promote the reform of the people’s jury system. Authorized by the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), the people’s jury system was piloted in 50 courts in Heilongjiang, Guangxi and Chongqing. We improved the jury participation mechanism, and jurors participated in 12.957 million cases nationwide.

　　Seven, further promote the construction of smart courts, open, dynamic, transparent and convenient sunshine judicial mechanism has basically taken shape.

　　Significant progress has been made in judicial openness. Open four public platforms: trial process, trial activities, judgment documents and execution information. As of the end of February this year, 646,000 court trials were broadcast live on the China Court Trial Open Network, with a viewing volume of 4.85 billion; China Judgment Document Network published 42.783 million documents, with 13.34 billion visitors, covering more than 210 countries and regions, making it the world’s largest judgment document resource library.

　　Informatization construction realizes leap-forward development. The wisdom court was initially formed. 3525 courts and 10759 people’s courts across the country have realized "one network" to handle cases. Through electronic litigation, 12368 litigation service hotline and other information means, reduce mass travel, save litigation costs, and promote energy conservation and emission reduction.

　　Big data applications continue to advance. Build a big data management and service platform for people’s courts. Promote the research and development of artificial intelligence in the field of trial. In Jilin, Zhejiang, Hainan and other 14 provinces and cities, the pilot reform of "online data integration processing" for road traffic accident damage compensation disputes was carried out. Set up the world’s first Internet court in Hangzhou, Zhejiang.

　　Eight, adhere to the comprehensive and strict management of the party and the hospital, and build a loyal and clean team of people’s courts.

　　Taking the "five excellent" requirements put forward by the Supreme Leader General Secretary as the goal, we will vigorously strengthen the team building of the people’s courts and effectively improve the level of regularization, specialization and professionalism.

　　Strengthen political construction. Resolutely safeguard the authority and centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core. Strengthen the party building in the people’s courts, be serious about the political life within the party, and promote the trial with the party building leading the team. Seriously accept the central inspection and pay close attention to the implementation of rectification. The vast number of police officers worked tirelessly and selflessly, and 85 judges broke down from overwork or suffered violent injuries and died in the line of duty.

　　Strengthen judicial capacity building. Courts at all levels have trained 2.416 million police officers. Train bilingual judges to protect the litigation rights of ethnic minorities. We will increase assistance to courts in Tibet, Xinjiang and Tibetan areas in Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu and Qinghai provinces.

　　Resolutely punish judicial corruption with a zero tolerance attitude. Courts at all levels investigated and dealt with 1,011 police officers who violated the spirit of the eight central regulations, and seriously held accountable 1,762 court leading cadres who failed to perform their duties. We will continue to improve the judicial style and prevent the "four winds" issue from rebounding. Strengthen warning education and draw profound lessons from Xi Xiaoming and other cases of violating discipline and law. The Supreme People’s Court investigated and dealt with 53 police officers who violated discipline and law in our hospital, and courts at all levels investigated and dealt with 3,338 police officers who used the power of trial execution, of which 531 were transferred to judicial organs for handling.

　　Nine, consciously accept supervision, and constantly improve the work of the people’s court.

　　Consciously accept the supervision of the NPC. The Supreme People’s Court conscientiously implemented the opinions and suggestions put forward by the deputies at the successive sessions of the 12th National People’s Congress. Report to the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) on comprehensively deepening judicial reform, deepening judicial openness and standardizing judicial behavior. We handled 1,381 suggestions from deputies, and listened to 4,530 opinions from deputies by attending court hearings and holding symposiums.

　　Seriously accept democratic supervision. Actively participate in Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference special consultation and other activities. Visited and received 620 CPPCC members, and handled 539 CPPCC proposals.

　　Accept the litigation supervision of procuratorial organs according to law. In conjunction with the Supreme People’s Procuratorate, we will formulate regulations on legal supervision of death penalty review and civil execution, and try protest cases filed by procuratorial organs according to law.

　　Widely accept social supervision. Carry out 360 activities such as special supervisors and special consultants’ research and discussion, and attend the audit Committee as nonvoting delegates. Through the "Dean’s Mailbox" and other platforms, the communication channels of public opinion will be unblocked. Held 117 press conferences and took the initiative to accept public opinion supervision.

　　The achievement of these achievements lies in the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, the scientific guidance of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, and the leadership of the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader as the core of the CPC Central Committee and the whole party.

　　There are still many problems and difficulties in the work of the people’s courts: First, there is still a big gap between the judicial concept, judicial ability and working mechanism and the development of the new era and the needs of the people. Second, the reform of the judicial system still needs to be further deepened. Third, there are still weak links in grass-roots infrastructure construction, and grass-roots judicial ability needs to be further improved, and the Supreme People’s Court’s supervision and guidance mechanism needs to be improved. Fourth, the internal supervision mechanism needs to be further improved. The problems of improper judicial style and irregular judicial behavior still exist, and the risk of judicial integrity is high. Some judges, bending the law, seek personal gains by taking cases, which seriously damages judicial justice. Fifth, the number of cases accepted by the people’s courts is increasing year by year, and some courts are under great pressure to handle cases. Sixth, the guarantee for judicial personnel to perform their duties needs to be strengthened, and the judicial environment needs to be further improved.

　　In 2018, the people’s courts will adhere to the guidance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, thoroughly implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Plenary Sessions of the 19th National Congress and the Central Political and Legal Work Conference, closely focus on the overall layout of the "Five in One" and the coordinated promotion of the "Four Comprehensive" strategic layout, closely focus on the work goal of "making people feel fair and just in every judicial case", earnestly implement the resolutions of this conference, and earnestly.

　　First, thoroughly study and implement Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era. Carry out full-time rotation training in national courts, continue to study the spirit of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and work hard to understand and do it. Insist on arming the mind, guiding practice and promoting work with Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, earnestly strengthen the "four consciousnesses", constantly strengthen the "four self-confidences", and resolutely safeguard the authority of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Supreme Leader as the core and centralized and unified leadership. Accurately grasp the new requirements of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, closely integrate with reality, pay close attention to the implementation of the work, and ensure that the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee are carried out to the letter in the people’s courts.

　　The second is to punish crimes according to law and fully safeguard national security and social stability. Severely crack down on criminal activities such as infiltration, subversion, violent terror and ethnic division, actively participate in the special struggle to eliminate evil, severely punish crimes involving guns, explosives, pornography, drugs, pyramid schemes and trafficking, and safeguard the long-term stability of the country. Punish duty crimes according to law, severely punish corruption crimes that occur around the masses, and promote the organic connection between judicial trials and state supervision. Punish stakeholder crimes such as fund-raising fraud and illegal absorption of public deposits according to law, and maintain a good social order.

　　The third is to try all kinds of cases in the economic field according to law and create a good legal environment for high-quality economic development. We will improve judicial policies, try cases of bankruptcy and reorganization, financial disputes and equity disputes according to law, and serve the construction of a modern economic system. Strengthen judicial protection of property rights, protect honesty, trustworthiness and fair competition according to law, resolutely prevent economic disputes from being treated as crimes, and resolutely prevent civil liability from being turned into criminal liability. Improve the intellectual property litigation system and optimize the legal environment for scientific and technological innovation. Improve the trial mechanism of environmental resources and promote green development. Strengthen foreign-related commercial and maritime trials, set up the the Supreme People’s Court International Commercial Court, and promote the construction of the "Belt and Road" diversified dispute resolution mechanism. Strengthen the trial of cases involving Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and overseas Chinese, and actively handle cases of mutual legal assistance. Ensure the implementation of the strategy of regional coordinated development, support the development of old revolutionary base areas, ethnic areas, border areas and poverty-stricken areas, and serve the construction of xiong’an new area, Pilot Free Trade Zone and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.

　　The fourth is to uphold justice for the people and earnestly safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the people. To handle cases of education, employment, medical care, consumption, marriage, old-age care, etc. in accordance with the law, and promote the protection and improvement of people’s livelihood. Try all kinds of agricultural disputes according to law and serve the implementation of rural revitalization strategy. Try administrative cases according to law and effectively resolve administrative disputes. We will try military-related cases in accordance with the law and earnestly safeguard national defense security and the legitimate rights and interests of military personnel. Adhere to and develop the "Maple Bridge Experience" and provide the people with judicial services that combine online and offline, litigation and mediation. Respect and guarantee lawyers to perform their duties according to law and jointly promote fair justice. Ensure that the goal of "basically solving the implementation difficulties" is achieved as scheduled, and resolutely overcome this stubborn disease that hinders fairness and justice and harms people’s rights and interests.

　　Fifth, deepen the reform of the judicial system and improve the judicial system in Socialism with Chinese characteristics. We will deepen the comprehensive reform of the judicial system and promote the experience of pilot areas such as Shanghai in a timely manner. Fully implement the judicial responsibility system. Accelerate the reform of the criminal procedure system centered on trial. Deepen the pilot reform of the system of pleading guilty and accepting punishment. Unswervingly safeguard the legal authority of the constitution, resolutely fight against all acts that violate the constitution, adhere to strict and fair justice, and ensure the independent and fair exercise of judicial power according to law.

　　Sixth, continue to deepen judicial openness and accelerate the construction of smart courts. Expand the trial live broadcast, documents online, trial process and the scope of various judicial information disclosure, and comprehensively expand the breadth and depth of judicial disclosure. Strengthen the deep integration of informatization, artificial intelligence and court work, and improve intelligent auxiliary case handling systems such as intelligent trial support, court trial voice recognition, and electronic file generation with the case. Build a world-class judicial big data research institute, deeply use trial information and promote social governance.

　　The seventh is to build an excellent team to ensure fair and honest administration of justice. Always put political construction in the first place, carry out the theme education of "Do not forget your initiative mind, keep in mind the mission" in a down-to-earth manner, and promote the comprehensive and strict management of the party and the hospital. Strengthen education and training, strengthen the research on the application of law, and effectively improve judicial ability. Strengthen grassroots construction, care for police officers, and further improve the level of grassroots justice. Consciously accept the supervision of the National People’s Congress, democratic supervision, procuratorial organ litigation supervision and social supervision. Adhere to the anti-corruption no-go zone, resolutely punish judicial corruption with a zero-tolerance attitude, and create a clean and honest judicial environment.

In order to whitewash her academic history, Liang Ying of Nanjing University "silently" removed all published Chinese papers.

However, this is not the most "malicious" because-

We recently found that the organizer of an academic conference had also "silently" removed 1258 manuscripts! Yes, you are not mistaken.

In a meeting, 1,258 manuscripts were withdrawn.

This is the "2011 International Conference on E-commerce and E-government" jointly sponsored by IEEE and Shanghai University in 2011.

Many people are familiar with IEEE. Its Chinese name is "Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers", which is an international association of electronic technology and information science engineers and is considered as "the largest non-profit professional technical society in the world at present".

However, we are going to talk about the above academic conference later. Because-

IEEE quietly withdrew, far more than the papers of this meeting!

In the past ten years, IEEE, as a conference organizer, has withdrawn more than 7,000 papers and abstracts of its own conferences, almost all of which were written by China.

The reporter dug up the retraction of conference papers by IEEE from 2008 to 2017 from the retraction observation database, which scared skr people.

A total of 7,263 papers were withdrawn, of which 6,866 were from China.

Emmmm…… … Who can tell me what happened in 2010 and 2011? !

As a result, the reporter dug out the papers from China in the withdrawn manuscripts in 2010 and 2011 from the massive database information, and vomited blood to sort out the following chart:

The number of conference papers/abstracts withdrawn by IEEE in 2010 from China (data source: TheRetractionWatchDatabase).

The question is, what was this peak in September 2010?

Continue searching

From September 1 ST to September 6 th, everything was calm and no draft was withdrawn. But this is just the calm before the storm.

No, on September 7th, IEEE withdrew 455 conference papers and abstracts, including-

In 20103, 348 articles of rdinternational conference on computerscience and information technology were published.

In the next few days, it was withdrawn—

129 articles of International Conference on Management and Service Science in 2010.

In 2010, there were 289 articles in The2NdConference OnenvironmentScience and Information Application Technology.

Please pay attention to these three meetings, because their names will appear later.

Look at the situation in 2011:

The number of conference papers/abstracts withdrawn by IEEE in 2011 from China (data source: TheRetractionWatchDatabase).

The question comes again. What was this peak in June 2011?

The reporter then searched, and found the conference mentioned at the beginning of this article-"2011 International Conference One-Business-Government" (2011 International Conference on Electronic Commerce and E-Government), and the peak in June completely "relied" on this conference.

According to ten years of data retrieval and analysis, the reporter compiled a list of meetings with more than 100 articles withdrawn:

See, the three meetings that attracted everyone’s attention before are all on the list, ranking fifth, ninth and eleventh.

Through this table and the previous retrieval, we draw the following conclusions:

1. Among more than 7,000 conference manuscripts withdrawn by IEEE in the past 10 years, these 12 conferences accounted for "half of the country".

2. The meetings with serious retraction were concentrated in 2010 and 2011.

3. The venues of 12 international conferences are all in China.

Of course, we haven’t finished here, and we have also "deeply" these meetings.

For example, the first meeting, which is mentioned at the beginning of the article, has such a brief introduction in "Baidu Entry".

Screenshot source: Baidu Encyclopedia

Pay attention to the words in the red box, "EI full-text core retrieval was completed within two months after the meeting, which shocked the academic circles and won the praise and praise of the majority of authors."

The second-ranked meeting doesn’t seem to be "praised and praised by the majority of authors" like the first-ranked meeting:

Screenshot source: Baidu Encyclopedia

The fifth conference introduced itself on the official conference blog:

Screenshot source: official blog of ESIAT2010 conference

It seems that whether it can be included in EI and how high the retrieval rate is are matters that contributors and conference organizers are very concerned about!

Of course, we also pay attention to the repeated name of the conference organizer in the table-International Association for Computer Science and Information Technology:

Screenshot source: IACSIT official website.

For many contributors from China, the last sentence in the introduction-"The papers received at our meeting will be published in famous journals and submitted to major indexing service platforms for retrieval" may be very attractive.

After the shock and sigh, we continue to uphold the rational tradition-

Why are all Chinese’s papers withdrawn? Why is this happening? With these questions, we interviewed some experts.

During the interview, most experts asked for anonymity.

After refusing to be interviewed, an expert told a bunch of heartfelt truths-

However, despite this, we have heard many people’s voices, including many experts who dare to face the problem directly and answer questions with their real names.

Question 1: Why are conference papers/abstracts prone to problems?

Anonymous expert a:

"Compared with journals, the publication time of conference papers will be faster, and the review and revision will be less rigorous. Conference papers are usually only reviewed in the first instance, and some good conferences will have two trials, but journals generally have two or even three trials, and the papers in journals will be more rigorous and fewer.

There are special editors in charge of the periodical review process, so the quality is generally controllable, and many periodicals are time-tested and mature. The meeting is generally aimed at some hot issues. As soon as some people propose it, they will hold a meeting, and then the meeting will set up an organizational Committee to review the manuscript through the procedural Committee. If the program committee members are not so strict, quality problems will easily occur. "

Question 2: Why do most of the papers of the withdrawn conference come from China? What does this phenomenon mean?

Professor Li Daguang, Department of Science Communication, Chinese Academy of Sciences:

"The problem of international conferences in China: Now the conferences have a bad trend, and they are getting bigger and bigger. By this, I mean the large scale, strong publicity and great effect. The bigger the conference, the lower its value. I call it’ legal academic corruption’, which costs a lot but has almost no high-value academic achievements."

Zhang Baiping, Researcher, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences:

"Some so-called publications are fooling Chinese, and they are useless except to prove that Chinese is a fool. All the publications that can be published in large numbers are bad publications. "

Anonymous expert b:

"This phenomenon shows: quick success and instant benefit (administration)+too much evaluation (administration)+insufficient groups with high academic appreciation = counting evaluation = pursuing quantity = scientific research is untrustworthy."

Anonymous expert c:

"Publishing articles should be a natural description of scientific research, not a demand for benefits. When it becomes a benefit, it is not surprising that there are moths."

Question 3: IEEE told the media that a committee composed of employees and volunteer experts has been set up to serve as the "gatekeeper" of conference materials and provide additional quality control. What should China do next?

Feng Qi, a researcher at the Institute of Mathematics and Systems Science, China Academy of Sciences:

"If the country is talking about scientific research integrity, it should clear those who like to make fakes out of the scientific research team, because people who make fakes are not suitable for living in the field of science and technology, and the act of making fakes violates the most basic and most natural principle that people engaged in scientific research should abide by-seeking truth from facts."

Anonymous expert a:

"There were many conferences aimed at retrieving the number of papers in the first decade. In recent years, with the improvement of everyone’s level and the strengthening of academic norms, such meetings have been much less.

Generally speaking, judging the influence of the conference depends on the citation rate, admission rate and citation of the paper. The better the citation of papers, the lower the admission rate, indicating that the quality of this conference is relatively high. However, the number of papers admitted is not an important indicator of this conference. On the contrary, there are many high-quality and influential conferences with few papers.

It should be noted that if the manuscript is withdrawn only because there is no strict peer review process, this is different from the nature of bad academic behaviors involving plagiarism and fraud. "

Li Daguang:

"According to the response of IEEE, it is certain that these papers do not meet the requirements of international journals. This may not be the same as plagiarism of journal papers.

When attending international conferences or publishing foreign periodicals, Chinese didn’t quite understand their specifications and requirements for several reasons. First, he didn’t know much about foreign conference papers and periodicals. Second, students or researchers receive less relevant training. Thirdly, the content of culture and policy is mixed in the paper, and the typical Chinese expression will not meet the requirements of international conference submission.

When it comes to plagiarism, in fact, most researchers are unintentional. They think they are quoting other people’s content, but they make mistakes because they don’t understand the relevant citation norms. Whether intentionally or unintentionally, they need to strengthen the training of students and researchers in academic norms and accept the training of paper expression in the international context, which can be trained by old editors, scientists of academic journals or scientific communicators who are familiar with this field. "

In May this year, the general offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council issued "Several Opinions on Further Strengthening the Construction of Scientific Research Integrity", proposing to establish a lifelong investigation system, and to investigate and deal with acts that seriously violate the requirements of scientific research integrity in accordance with the law.

In addition, on October 23, the Ministry of Science and Technology and other five departments also issued a document to carry out a special campaign to clean up "only papers, only professional titles, only academic qualifications, only awards".

How will our relevant departments deal with so many situations discovered this time? We will continue to pay attention to …

Science report address:

https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/10/what-massive-database-retracted-papers-reveals-about-science-publishing-s-death-penalty

Database address:

http://retractiondatabase.org/

further reading

Editor-in-Chief of springer Nature Group: The withdrawal of papers is part of the scientific process.

"I think retraction is part of the scientific process. Many problematic papers can only be discovered after publication, and at this time, the phenomenon of retraction will inevitably occur. "

-Philip Campbell, editor-in-chief of Nature

Text | Zhao Guangli

This article is reproduced from China Science News’ WeChat WeChat official account "Science Network" (ID: sciencenet-CAS). The original text was first published on November 4, 2018. The original text has been deleted, which does not represent the view of the think tank.

one

On the withdrawal of forged papers: the phenomenon of withdrawal is "inevitable"

Q: Would you like to comment on the recent incident of "withdrawing manuscripts" at Harvard University? Under what circumstances will Nature request to withdraw its manuscript? What measures will academic publications take to avoid similar things to the maximum extent?

Philip Campbell: I won’t comment on the specific events, but I can really comment on the retraction.

For Nature, as soon as we find something incorrect in the manuscript, we will withdraw it-I think this is part of the scientific process.

In fact, as far as retraction is concerned, only 50% may be due to academic misconduct, but many of them need to be retracted for very honest reasons.

We will be happy to comply with these retraction, and we are glad to be able to withdraw the manuscript for those cases that have been retracted due to dishonest reasons.

Because for scientific journals, we should correct these records instead of focusing on finding out who to blame in related events.

You also asked what we can do to reduce this phenomenon? It should be said that this is very difficult.

Because in fact, many other scientists will try to repeat his experiment only after the publication of the paper. When they can’t get the results of the corresponding experiment and realize that the experiment can’t be copied, we may find that there may be problems with the paper at that time.

For journalists, editors or peer reviewers, they can only trust what the author describes in their own papers.

In this case, most of the time, only after the first publication, in the later development of events, I realized that there might be problems at that time, that is to say, this phenomenon will inevitably occur.

I think there may be a way to reduce the probability of this happening, that is, our journal will continue to insist that authors describe and disclose their work in their papers comprehensively, because if authors can do so, it will greatly reduce their chances of hiding fraud or cheating.

Q: Speaking of peer review, it seems that there are few peer reviewers in developing countries.

Philip Campbell: We will find more peer reviewers by attending academic conferences, visiting laboratories and listening to academic reports. We should see these scientists with our own eyes and communicate with them at the same time. Moreover, we should hear others mention these scholars and scientists.

There are more and more papers published now, and once we find new peer reviewers, we will seek their help.

As for the number of peer reviewers, there is indeed some imbalance between different countries, and we are committed to changing this situation, but we can only do what we can now.

Q: In September, Nature published a report, saying that thousands of authors publish a paper every five days, many of them from China. What’s your comment on this?

Philip Campbell: I saw the relevant report. I don’t know how they did it. We do try our best to identify the authors-those who have contributed to the paper.

The situation you mentioned may be that some people just added a name to other people’s papers. We are trying our best to avoid this situation.

Now I don’t know if the person mentioned in this report has the author of Nature, but this matter really needs to be studied and investigated, and those universities involved should also take measures to investigate.

Q: How to avoid similar academic misconduct or fraud?

Philip Campbell: For academic misconduct, we can only take immediate action whenever we find or receive relevant information.

(For academic misconduct) Sometimes reviewers will find problems before publication, and sometimes someone will find problems after publication.

But in any case, we will contact the author or the author’s unit to see what happened. If academic misconduct really happens, we will take action, for example, asking to withdraw the manuscript in serious cases.

2 Talk about innovation and entrepreneurship: Young scientists should do whatever they want.

Q: Many young scientists are more willing to focus on the publication of papers than on the transformation of scientific research results. What do you think of this phenomenon? For young scientists, should we balance the relationship between publishing academic papers and transforming scientific research results?

Philip Campbell: I want to say that young scientists should do whatever they want.

Some young scientists want to know how the world works and improve their knowledge in this field. These scientists have received great support, including support from donors and the scientific community. There are also some young scientists who are willing to help develop products or start companies to achieve the goal of making our world healthier, fairer and more environmentally sustainable, but they have not received much support.

I think the academic system should be adjusted now to provide support for all kinds of young scientists. Some young scientists are not fully respected for doing such work, and this situation needs to be changed.

I encourage researchers to do the research they want to do and take their brains with them-this passion is very important, whether he or she wants to solve a fundamental problem or a specific practical problem, if he or she is good enough, he or she can do it as long as he or she has passion.

However, as a member of academic circles, young scientists really need to publish papers and communicate their research results with the world in the form of papers.

Q: China has ranked second in the world in terms of scientific research input and output, but we still feel that there is a big gap compared with the most advanced level in many fields. How do you evaluate the present situation and level of scientific research in China?

Philip Campbell: I have been dealing with China for 20 years. I have visited China many times, and I have been deeply impressed by the China government’s investment in science and technology for many times.

I think all efforts will pay off, even in the most competitive scientific fields.

If you look at the articles published in the academic journal Nature, there may be only four or five papers from scientists in China a year 10 years ago, but now it even reaches hundreds a year.

Therefore, I have no reason not to think that this situation will continue to develop, and the level of scientific research in China will continue to expand and deepen.

3 Talking about the memory of the editor-in-chief of Nature: full of expectations for the discovery of extraterrestrial life

Q: What do you think is the biggest change you have brought after leading Nature magazine for 22 years?

Philip Campbell: I think the biggest change is that Nature, as a magazine, has greatly expanded and increased in scale.

When I first became the editor-in-chief of Nature, its content as a magazine was very limited, and most of it focused on scientific policy. Now, Nature has a lot of other contents, including opinions and news reports.

It is also very important for readers to realize that Nature is also a magazine, at least as heavy as its weight as a periodical.

Moreover, we are now allowed to promote these changes within Nature, such as promoting more reliable science, promoting better management and treating young scientists. These are some of the work we are doing now.

In addition, as an academic journal, Nature has now published more fields than in the past, and has also published fields that have not been published before, such as organic chemistry, social science, high-energy physics and so on.

In this sense, this part of Nature as an academic journal has also expanded.

Q: In the post of editor-in-chief of Nature for 22 years, what are the most exciting breakthroughs in natural science in the near future? What is the latest Internet product that makes you feel attractive?

Philip Campbell: I said that Nature is both an academic journal and a magazine. I have special memories in both aspects.

Dolly, the cloned sheep, is a good example. At that time, I had just been the editor-in-chief of Nature for a short time, and this incident surprised us very much at that time.

Of course, for researchers, they don’t think so But everything that happened afterwards, including all kinds of debates around cloned sheep, surprised everyone.

I was also very excited about the "Human Genome Project" since then, including the Flores discovered later in Indonesia.

Many unexpected things happened, which also left a very deep impression on me.

As for what excites me recently, I think it is the discovery of extraterrestrial planets.

Before, we only knew the planet Earth, but we didn’t know the planets orbiting other stars, but now we know that there are billions and billions of such planets.

I especially hope to find life on such an extraterrestrial planet in the future.

Perhaps, they are not intelligent beings who can communicate with us directly, but at least they may be able to find some signs in the atmosphere of a planet, indicating that there may be some microorganisms or other types of life on this planet, which will make me very excited.

In the field of Internet, I think Wikipedia is a particularly great achievement, which has a great influence on me.

In all fields of science, Wikipedia provides people with a huge treasure house of knowledge, which is not only for me personally, but also for everyone. It makes knowledge very extensive and accessible.

Chief producer: Chloe Wang

Producer: Yu Xia

Editor: Dai Lili Li Yibo

Editor: Xie Fang

Text | Ni Sijie Han Yangmei

This article is reproduced from China Science Journal’s WeChat WeChat official account "Science Network" (ID: sciencenet-CAS). The original article was first published on October 28, 2018, and the original title was "A meeting removed 1258 papers! Withdraw the manuscript, there are more malicious than Nanda Liang Ying! ",does not represent the view of looking at the think tank.

(Original title "A meeting removed 1258 papers! Withdraw the manuscript, there are more malicious than Nanda Liang Ying! 》）

　　Beijing, May 13 (Leng Yuyang) Recently, the standard of free tickets for children has once again aroused social concern. With the changes of children’s physical development level in China, is the current standard line of children’s height free of charge still scientific? How to balance between age and height in order to protect children’s social welfare?

　　Children’s tickets are controversial based on height.

　　Recently, the standard of children’s ticket purchase has once again aroused public concern and discussion. Some of them think that the ticket purchasing method based on height is to "punish" the big man in disguise, but at the same time, some people think that it is more convenient and faster to use height as the standard.

　　Ms. Shi, who lives in Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province, told the reporter of Zhongxin. com that because she and her lover are relatively tall, her son Huanhuan is over 1.2 meters when he is less than 5 years old, and many free tickets can’t be enjoyed.

　　"I think it’s quite unfair. It’s not the child’s fault to grow tall." Ms. Shi told the reporter of Zhongxin. com that many children are now free of charge, and they have to buy half-price tickets for fun.

　　However, some parents also believe that it is reasonable to continue to adopt the height-based ticket purchase method. "I often take my daughter out to play by public transportation and find it convenient to use the height standard. If we adopt the age standard, we can’t take our household registration book with us every time we go out. " Ms Liu, who lives in Beijing, told reporters.

　　Why is height the standard?

　　China seems to have a long history of taking height as the standard for children’s tickets, so what are the considerations behind it?

　　Zhang Dongguang, deputy director of a law firm in Beijing, said in an interview with Zhongxin.com that in the early days of liberation, the household registration system and identity information were not easy to determine, so it was more convenient to look at the height and distinguish and charge according to this.

　　In some areas of practical operation, taking height as the standard also has more obvious advantages than age.

　　Take public transportation as an example. According to a bus driver in Beijing, it can be directly judged whether children are within the preferential range based on their height, but if every child has to provide documents to check his age when getting on the bus, it will lead to low efficiency.

　　Nearly 70% of parents agree to take age as the standard.

　　In April this year, China Youth Newspaper Social Investigation Center conducted a survey on 1969 parents of children, which showed that 56.7% of the parents interviewed thought that it was unreasonable to take height as the standard for collecting children’s tickets, and 67.1% of the parents interviewed agreed that collecting children’s tickets should be based on age.

　　The data also proves the views of these parents to some extent. According to media reports, the data of China CDC show that from 1992 to 2002, the average height of six-year-old urban male children in China increased by 4.9 cm, and in 2012 it increased by 3.7 cm, reaching 1.2 meters. The average height of 12-year-old children has exceeded 1.5 meters, and the average height of 14-year-old children has reached or approached 1.6 meters.

　　Ms. Beijing folk song is very much in favor of collecting children’s tickets according to their age. In her view, children’s nutrition is better now, and it is not only "outdated" to ask children now according to the previous standards, but also easy to produce contradictions in the process of ticket purchase.

　　What worries her even more is that when children see that other children can enjoy discounts but they can’t, they will even leave a psychological shadow in their children.

　　Is it scientific to take age as the standard?

　　Since nearly 70% of parents are in favor of taking age as the standard, is it scientific to take age as the unified standard?

　　According to Zhang Baoyi, director of the Institute of Sociology of Tianjin Academy of Social Sciences, the original intention of adopting preferential policies is to create a healthy environment for children’s growth, so no matter what kind of standards, they should be formulated around this original intention.

　　"Compared with height, it is indeed a better way to adopt age as the standard, which will be more conducive to maintaining a healthy environment for children’s growth and social equity." Zhang Baoyi said.

　　"The main problem now lies in the operational level. Nowadays, many children don’t apply for identity cards very early, and we can’t ask them to take their household registration books with them when they go out to play. " In Zhang Baoyi’s view, many departments are aware of the irrationality of taking height as the standard, but there is no effective way to solve it at present, so they can only use the old method.

　　The results of local exploration are hardly satisfactory.

　　As for the purchase standard of children’s tickets, as early as 2012, the Notice on Further Implementing the Preferential Policies for Youth Tickets issued by the National Development and Reform Commission put forward the youth ticket price policy: children under 6 years old (including 6 years old) or 1.2 meters tall (including 1.2 meters) are free of charge; For minors aged 6 (excluding 6 years old) to 18 years old (including 18 years old), half-ticket is implemented.

　　In recent years, some places have also explored their own preferential standards for children’s tickets.

　　For example, in Chengdu, starting from 2017, the free height line for children to take public transportation within the city will be raised to 1.3 meters; For another example, in January this year, the Measures for the Administration of Tickets and Related Services in Scenic Spots in Jiangsu Province issued by the Jiangsu Provincial Price Bureau further clarified that children under 6 years old (including 6 years old) or under 1.4 meters tall (including 1.4 meters) are exempt from tickets with valid identity documents.

　　But in reality, whether such standards are strictly implemented still needs to be marked with a question mark. According to media reports, Shanghai Oriental Pearl TV Tower, Lingyin Temple in Hangzhou, Taishan Mountain in Shandong and many other famous scenic spots only take height as the standard.

　　How to determine the standard of children’s discount tickets?

　　In the public controversy, where will the standard of children’s discount tickets eventually go?

　　According to Chen Guangjin, director of the Institute of Sociology, China Academy of Social Sciences, both of them have their advantages. If the ticket seller continues to judge by height, it is necessary to constantly improve the height standard line according to the average height of children in China.

　　"And if age is the criterion, you can make identity certificates for school-age children with reference to the experience of old-age certificates." In Chen Guangjin’s view, although this may bring higher social costs, it is more conducive to protecting children’s legitimate rights and interests.

　　"But no matter which way you choose, you must insist on giving priority to children’s social welfare." Chen Guangjin said. (End)

　　Salt, as the first taste, is closely related to people’s life and health. In order to help consumers buy high-quality salt that suits them, today I will focus on the knowledge of food additives commonly used in salt production, such as potassium iodate, potassium ferrocyanide and potassium chloride.

　　Iodization of salt is used to prevent and treat iodine deficiency disorders.

　　Iodine is an essential micronutrient for human metabolism and growth. In most parts of China, the external environment (water, soil, etc.) is almost short of iodine, and it is difficult to change the current situation of iodine deficiency in the external environment. If iodine supplementation is stopped, the iodine stored in the human body can last for up to 3 months. Insufficient iodine intake will cause a series of diseases, collectively known as iodine deficiency disorders. Iodine deficiency disorders can be prevented, and eating iodized salt is the simplest, safe and effective way to prevent iodine deficiency disorders. Iodized salt refers to the edible salt after adding iodine fortifier, and potassium iodate is a commonly used iodine fortifier in salt production.

　　Pregnant women, nursing women, infants (from birth to 36 months old) and other people are the special needs of iodine; Children and adolescents are the key groups in the prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders. Iodine deficiency in infants and young children can seriously cause cretinism and intellectual damage; Iodine deficiency in children and adolescents can lead to mental impairment, physical retardation, goiter and so on.

　　It is suggested that people who eat iodized salt include patients with hyperthyroidism and residents in high-water iodine areas who have taken enough or even excessive iodine from drinking water.

　　Salt and anti-caking agent are used to prevent salt from caking

　　Potassium ferrocyanide is commonly used as an anti-caking agent in salt, in order to prevent granular or powdery salt from agglomeration and keep it loose or free flowing. Cyanogen of potassium ferrocyanide is closely combined with ferrous ions, and its stability is very good. Toxic cyanide ions can hardly be detected in the solution of potassium ferrocyanide, and the decomposition temperature of potassium ferrocyanide is above 400℃, while the temperature when we cook food is usually lower than 340℃. When it exceeds 400℃, the food will become carbon blocks.

　　According to the national food safety standards, the salt produced by using potassium ferrocyanide as anti-caking agent will not bring harm to human body, so you can buy it with confidence. Of course, in order to meet the higher demand, many high-quality salt without anti-caking agent have been introduced in the market at present, such as Guangdong salt ecological sea salt series products.

　　Salt and potassium chloride are used to produce low sodium salt.　

　　Potassium chloride is often used to produce low sodium salt. Low-sodium salt is an edible salt made from one or more of refined salt, crushed washing salt, sun-dried salt, etc., and food additives (such as potassium chloride, etc.) allowed by the state are added to reduce the concentration of sodium ions. The content of potassium chloride in low sodium salt is (10-35)g/100g, and the corresponding content of sodium chloride is (65-90)g/100g.

　　In low sodium salt, potassium chloride with the same salty taste is used to replace part of sodium chloride, which realizes "reducing sodium without reducing salinity". In addition, after adding potassium chloride, the content of potassium ions is increased, the balance of sodium and potassium in human body can be maintained, and the risk of diseases such as stroke, hypertension and heart disease can be significantly reduced, so that "low sodium is healthier" can be achieved. It is recommended that healthy people eat low sodium salt.

　　The salt purchased through formal channels in the market, with or without potassium iodate, potassium ferrocyanide or potassium chloride, is safe food produced in strict accordance with national food safety standards. Consumers should correctly understand the food additives in salt and choose the appropriate salt according to their own health needs.