Today (January 25th), the National Health and Wellness Commission held a press conference to introduce the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases and health tips in winter in China. At present, the epidemic situation in COVID-19 in China is still at a low level, and the influenza activity is on the decline. The daily diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases in outpatient and emergency departments of medical institutions in China continues to decline, and the medical order is generally stable and orderly.
At present, influenza is the main acute respiratory disease in China, and other respiratory diseases are at a low level;
The monitoring data of epidemic situation in COVID-19 showed signs of rising, but the growth rate was small. The proportion of JN.1 mutant strains in local cases continued to rise, and the clinical manifestations were basically asymptomatic and mild.
Since the opening of Spring Festival travel rush in the Ming Dynasty, the risk of respiratory infectious diseases has increased, and scientific prevention and control should be remembered;
According to the duration of cough, it can be divided into three types, and the most important thing for repeated cough is to clarify the cause;
After a child has a respiratory infection, it may develop into pneumonia, especially in younger children. Be alert to some "signals" of pneumonia in children;
When traveling in winter, patients with cardiovascular diseases should be prepared in advance.
Current acute respiratory diseases
Still dominated by influenza.
At the meeting, Peng Zhibin, director of the Respiratory Infectious Diseases Department of the Infectious Diseases Management Office of China CDC, introduced that the monitoring data showed that acute respiratory diseases in China declined for two consecutive weeks after peaking in early December 2023; It rebounded slightly at the end of December 2023 and continued to fluctuate at a high level; It began to fall in the past week. At present, the acute respiratory diseases in China are mainly influenza, and other respiratory diseases are at a low level. Among them, the proportion of influenza B has increased recently, leading to a slight fluctuation in the influenza epidemic.
Experts believe that in winter and spring, China will continue to present a trend of alternating or common epidemic of various respiratory diseases, and in the short term, it will still be dominated by influenza virus. At present, influenza activity has shown a downward trend. With the school holidays, it is expected to return to the inter-epidemic level at the end of January.
National COVID-19 epidemic
There are signs of rising, and the growth rate is small.
Peng Zhibin, director of the Department of Respiratory Infectious Diseases of the Infectious Diseases Management Office of China CDC, said that the epidemic situation in COVID-19 was generally at a low level recently. From the monitoring data such as case reports and the positive rate of sentinel hospitals, there were signs of increase, but the increase was relatively small. The proportion of JN.1 mutant strains in local cases continued to increase, and the clinical manifestations were basically asymptomatic and mild, which had no significant change from the severity of diseases caused by the dominant mutant strains of EG.5 at present. It is estimated that around the Spring Festival holiday, the epidemic situation in COVID-19 may rebound to a certain extent due to many factors, such as the large-scale movement of people, visiting relatives and friends, and the increase of dinner and party activities.
repeatedly cough
Clear etiology and symptomatic treatment ↓
Li Yanming, director of the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Hospital, suggested that patients with recurrent cough should go to the hospital to find out the cause. According to the duration of cough, it can be divided into three types.
The first is acute cough, which occurs within three weeks. The main reason is respiratory infection caused by various pathogens.
The second is subacute cough, which lasts for three to eight weeks, usually after respiratory infection;
The third type is chronic cough lasting more than eight weeks. Chronic cough includes respiratory diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, as well as non-respiratory diseases such as gastroesophageal reflux and taking certain drugs.
The most important thing in the treatment of cough is to clarify the cause and treat it according to the cause. Pay attention to climate change every day, add clothes in time to avoid catching cold, and don’t be too dry indoors and keep proper humidity. Avoid spicy and irritating foods or foods that are too greasy.
After the child is infected,
These conditions may point to pneumonia ↓
Wang Quan, chief physician of Beijing Children’s Hospital, said that children may develop pneumonia after respiratory infection, especially in younger children. If the child has the following conditions, he should be alert to the possibility of pneumonia
High fever persists or persists for more than 3 days.
Cough is frequent or obviously aggravated, which may be accompanied by an increase in sputum volume or a change in sputum color, such as yellow or yellow-green sputum; However, mycoplasma pneumonia often has little sputum, mainly frequent dry cough.
The breathing frequency is obviously faster, which is more urgent than usual, and there is wheezing or choking. Some children may have difficulty breathing, flapping nose, and depression in the upper sternum when inhaling. Seriously, you may have a blue mouth and a bad face. Some older children may express discomfort such as chest tightness, chest pain and breath holding.
Children will also have mental fatigue, or be agitated, crying, difficult to appease, and some may also have drowsiness.
It should be noted that when a baby suffers from pneumonia, the symptoms and signs are often atypical, and there may be no obvious fever and cough, but the main manifestations are shortness of breath, reduced or even refusal to breastfeed, or strenuous breastfeeding, spitting, frequent choking, spitting, choking, wheezing and other symptoms.
When the above symptoms and signs appear, you should take your child to see a doctor as soon as possible.
Cold wave strikes
These people pay attention to protection.
Recently, the cold wave weather has once again affected China, bringing large-scale cooling and rain and snow weather to the central and eastern regions and parts of the south. The drop in temperature can lead to the contraction of human blood vessels and the acceleration of respiratory rate, which is easy to induce diseases of respiratory system, cardiovascular system and cerebrovascular system. In cold weather, we should pay special attention to the elderly, children, pregnant women and other sensitive groups, patients with chronic basic diseases and outdoor workers, and take targeted protective measures to minimize the impact of cold wave on health. Rainy and snowy weather may lead to icy and slippery roads, which will adversely affect traffic and travel, and special attention should be paid to travel safety.
Spring Festival travel rush opens tomorrow.
The risk of transmission increases, so wear masks scientifically during the trip.
Spring Festival travel rush 2024 will be officially opened tomorrow. During this period, people’s mobility and gathering activities will increase, and the risk of respiratory diseases will increase. The National Health and Wellness Committee reminds everyone-
Prepare for personal protection before departure, wear masks scientifically during the trip, and continue to maintain good hygiene habits such as frequent hand washing and cough etiquette to minimize the risk of infection.
All localities should continue to strengthen monitoring and early warning, strengthen epidemic prevention and control of key institutions such as old-age care institutions and social welfare institutions, pay attention to key groups of "one old and one small", strengthen daily health monitoring, and implement various prevention and control measures.
It is necessary to increase the overall planning of medical resources, strengthen the preparation of commonly used drugs, testing reagents and beds in medical institutions, and meet the needs of the people for normal medical treatment.
Establish and improve the cooperation between general hospitals and primary medical institutions, the sinking of experts and the referral mechanism of patients, optimize the treatment process, reduce the waiting time of patients and improve the quality of medical services.
Travel in winter
Patients with cardiovascular diseases should make these preparations →
Xiong Changming, deputy director of the Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory and Pulmonary Vascular Diseases in Fuwai Hospital of China Academy of Medical Sciences, said that when patients with cardiovascular diseases go out in winter and encounter cold, they can cause sympathetic nerve excitement, vasoconstriction, rapid heartbeat and high blood pressure, and may also cause coronary artery spasm, which may aggravate the cardiovascular condition. The main potential risks include blood pressure fluctuation and uncontrollable, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction attack, aggravation of cardiac insufficiency, arrhythmia attack and so on.
Cardiovascular patients should do the following before going out in winter-
It is best to carry out relevant inspections in the hospital before going out to ensure that all indicators are in a satisfactory state.
Travel during the stable period of illness.
Take medicine with you, and prepare emergency medicine such as nitroglycerin or jiuxin pills.
Arrange the trip reasonably, pay attention to rest and avoid overwork.
Do a good job in cold and warmth and food hygiene to avoid overeating.
Editor | Ma Yuan
Source | CCTV News Beijing Daily Health China
Original title: "Latest | Spring Festival travel rush Coming, National Health Commission Important Reminder! 》
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